Capacitors also reduce the lagging component current, increase the PF of the generators, improve regulation, increase savings, and more importantly reduce the cost of power to consumers. Because capacitors reduce power and energy losses, increase the available capacity of the feeders, and improve the feeder VP, the amount of compensation supplied is very closely tied to the optimal placement of capacitors in the distribution system. Capacitors are often used in DSs to compensate for reactive power. A VR is used to keep the voltage within an acceptable tolerance limit for distribution and to keep the control equipment in good working condition. The different methods used to maintain the voltage level of radial distribution systems (RDS) are by using Shunt capacitors, VRs, and by employing conductor grading in RDS. It is important to note that voltage regulators (VRs) and capacitor banks are effective methods for power factor (PF) correction, power loss reduction, and voltage profile (VP) improvement, as they are the most preferred indicators of overall efficiency improvement in power systems. Therefore, it becomes imperative to make the DSs efficient and effective. As a result of this, the system losses increases and leads to poor voltage regulation. As electricity demand increases daily, the demand on DSs also increases, therefore, they are being stretched beyond their capacity. The role of a DS is to deliver electrical energy from the distribution substation to the customers. The distribution substations in the DSs are normally fed by one or more transmission lines, and each distribution substation serves one or more principal feeders. The effectiveness of the results obtained from both the voltage regulator and capacitor placement optimality using the proposed method are presented and compared.Įlectric power systems are made up of three parts: generation system, transmission system, and distribution system (DS).
Neplan bus software#
The load flow analysis of the system was simulated using NEPLAN MATLAB software before and after recompense. A fuzzy expert system (FES) containing a set of heuristic rules was used to determine the voltage regulator (VR) and capacitor placement suitability index. Voltages and power loss (PL) indices of the DS nodes were modeled using fuzzy membership functions.
![neplan bus neplan bus](https://cptdb.ca/uploads/monthly_01_2011/post-57-1296231403.jpg)
The minimum bus voltage is 0.8515 p.u., while the active and reactive power losses of the feeder are 377.75kW and 222.51 KVAR respectively.
![neplan bus neplan bus](https://autoline.com.gh/img/s/interurban-busNEOPLAN-STARLiNER---3_big--17081712480768897900.jpg)
The Gondar distribution system (DS) is classified into different zones for the purpose of proper operation and supply of electricity. An investigation of Gondar power distribution system was performed specifically at the Gondar feeder in Gondar, Ethiopia which has 60 nodes with a total capacity of 3.413 MW. In this paper, a fuzzy logic optimization method was presented for the efficient location of voltage regulators (VR) and capacitors in distribution systems (DSs). Electric power systems in most developing countries, especially Ethiopia, are fed by radial distribution systems (RDSs), which serve as the final link between the high voltage transmission system and the consumers.